15^th Annual Congress on Gastroenterology & Hepatology October 26-27, 2020 Osaka, Japan

Digestive diseases are disorders of the digestive tract, which is sometimes called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In digestion, food and drink are broken down into small parts (called nutrients) that the body can absorb and use as energy and building blocks for cells. Conditions may range from mild to serious. Some common problems include cancer, irritable bowel syndrome, and lactose intolerance. Tests for digestive problems can include colonoscopy, upper GI endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and endoscopic ultrasound. Many surgical procedures are performed on the digestive tract. These include procedures done using endoscopy, laparoscopy, and open surgery. Organ transplants can be performed on the liver, pancreas, and small intestine. Many health care providers can help diagnose and treat digestive problems. A gastroenterologist is a physician specialist who has received extra training in the diagnosis and treatment of the digestive disorders.The digestive tract is made up of the esophagus (food tube), stomach, large and small intestines, liver, pancreas, and the gallbladder.

The Intestinal Rehabilitation Program is the latest treatments to help your child’s intestine work well if affected by disease (like short bowel syndrome), injury or a surgery that removed part of it. With recent advances in diet, medicine and surgery, we have greatly reduced the need for intestine organ transplants in children. Intestinal rehabilitation is the process of gradually restoring the intestine’s ability to digest food and absorb nutrients. This is done through diet, medicines and surgery other than organ (intestine) transplant. Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is a complete form of nutrition given into the blood through a vein (intravenously) by a central line placed in the child’s chest, neck or groin

• Liver Enlargement
• Portal Hyp
• Transhepatic Pancreato-Cholangiography
• Hepatitis A and E
• Alcoholic Liver Disease

Liver cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form in the liver. They’re benign growths, meaning they aren’t cancerous. These cysts generally don’t require treatment unless symptoms develop, and they rarely affect liver function. Liver cysts are the result of a malformation in the bile ducts, although the exact cause of this malformation is unknown. Bile is a fluid made by the liver, which aids in digestion. This fluid travels from the liver to the gallbladder through ducts or tube-like structures.

Bariatric surgery (weight loss surgery) includes a variety of procedures performed on people who have obesity. Weight loss is achieved by reducing the size of the stomach with a gastric band or through removal of a portion of the stomach (sleeve gastrectomy or biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch) or by resecting and re-routing the small intestine to a small stomach pouch (gastric bypass surgery). Liver transplantation or hepatic transplantation is the replacement of a diseased liver with the healthy liver from another person (allograft). Liver transplantation is a treatment option for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure, although availability of donor organs is a major limitation. The most common technique is orthotopic transplantation, in which the native liver is removed and replaced by the donor organ in the same anatomic position as the original liver.

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Liver disease (also called hepatic disease) is a type of damage to or disease of the liver. Liver disease can occur through several mechanisms. One general mechanism, increased DNA damage, is shared by some of the major causes of liver disease. These major causes include infection by hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, alcohol abuse, and obesity. A common form of liver disease is viral infection. Viral hepatitides such as Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus can be vertically transmitted during birth via contact with infected blood

• Oral pathology
• Salivary gland pathology
• Esop

An upper gastrointestinal series, also called an upper gastrointestinal study or contrast radiography of the upper gastrointestinal tract, is a series of radiographs used to examine the gastrointestinal tract for abnormalities. Radiology can be done in many ways like x-ray, computed tomography, Magnetic resonance imaging. Computed tomography now allows comprehensive assessment of abdominal and pelvic inflammatory and infectious processes, obstruction, tumour detection and staging, and display of vasculature and blunt trauma effects.

• Endoscopy
• Rod-lens endoscopes
• Endoscope reprocessing
• Colonoscopy
• Gastroscopy
• Advances in endoscopy
• Augmented reality
• Tools used during endoscopy

• Autoimmune liver diseases
• Autoimmune pancreatitis
• Gastrointestinal microbiota
• Immunology Treatment
• Gut immunology

Researchers are investigating new treatments for IBS. Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI), a nutritional therapy, has shown some promise as a treatment for IBS with diarrhea.Studies also show that, in people who have IBS with diarrhea, a specially coated tablet that slowly releases peppermint oil in the small intestine (enteric-coated peppermint oil) eases bloating, urgency, abdominal pain and pain while passing stool. It isn't clear how enteric-coated peppermint oil might affect IBS, so ask your doctor before using it

Pediatric gastroenterology developed as a sub-specialty of pediatrics and gastroenterology. It is concerned with treating the gastrointestinal tract, liver and pancreas of children from infancy until age eighteen. The principal diseases it is concerned with are acute diarrhea, persistent vomiting, gastritis, and problems with the development of the gastric tract. The correct function of the gastric tract and the internal health is related to the nutrition that the child or its mother receives. From the prenatal period, correct nutrition can affect the developing of the system, short bowel syndrome (the most common one), necrotizing enterocolitis, gastroschisis or omphalocele to the postnatal period with diseases such as diarrhea.

Clinical Gastroenterology is a series of concise monographs on diseases commonly encountered in the clinical practice of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology. Particular emphasis is placed on areas in which knowledge is advancing rapidly. Clinical Gastroenterology includes practical information of companies or laboratories that perform specialized testing, relative costs of diagnostic and therapeutic options.

 liver is the largest organ inside your body. It helps your body digest food, store energy, and remove poisons.

There are many kinds of liver diseases:

• Diseases caused by viruses, such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C
• Diseases caused by drugs, poisons, or too much alcohol. Examples include fatty liver disease and cirrhosis.
• Liver cancer
• Inherited diseases, such as hemochromatosis and Wilson disease

Symptoms of liver disease can vary, but they often include swelling of the abdomen and legs, bruising easily, changes in the color of your stool and urine, and jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and eyes. Sometimes there are no symptoms. Tests such as imaging tests and liver function tests can check for liver damage and help to diagnose liver diseases.

The gallbladder is a small pouch that sits just under the liver. The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver. After meals, the gallbladder is empty and flat, like a deflated balloon. Before a meal, the gallbladder may be full of bile and about the size of a small pear. In response to signals, the gallbladder squeezes stored bile into the small intestine through a series of tubes called ducts. Bile helps digest fats, but the gallbladder itself is not essential. Removing the gallbladder in an otherwise healthy individual typically causes no observable problems with health or digestion yet there may be a small risk of diarrhea and fat malabsorption.

Liver cancer, otherwise called hepatic cancer and primary hepatic cancer, is cancer that begins in the liver. Cancer which has spread from somewhere else to the liver, known as liver metastasis, is more typical than that which begins in the liver. Symptoms of liver growth may include an irregularity or pain in the right side beneath the rib cage, swelling of the abdomen, yellowish skin, easy bruising, weight loss, and weakness. The leading reason for liver cancer is cirrhosis because of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or alcohol. Different causes include aflatoxin, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver flukes. The most widely recognized sorts are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which makes up 80% of cases, and cholangiocarcinoma. Primary liver cancer is all around the 6th most frequent cancer (6%) and the second leading reason for death from cancer 

In this type of disorder gastrointestinal tract looks normal but doesn’t work properly. The factors which affect the GI tract and its motility are eating a diet low in fibre, not enough exercise and other changes in routine, stress, taking antacids containing calcium/aluminium and pregnancy. It is the most commonly seen in the ages of 20-50. It can be cured by taking precautions like proper diet intake and timings of meal and avoiding spicy food etc.

The Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology department is a team of highly specialized medical oncologists, scientists, physician assistants and research nurses who treat gastrointestinal malignancies, including cancers of the liver, bile duct, gallbladder, pancreas, large and small bowel, stomach, esophagus and rare tumors. In recent years, we have witnessed immunotherapy-based agents transform how we manage patient’s malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, genitourinary cancers, head and neck cancers and Hodgkin’s lymphoma to list a few. Unfortunately, the progress of immunotherapy-based agents in GI cancers has been slow, As a group, gastrointestinal cancers are the most common cancers.

In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, normal physiological changes during pregnancy produce dramatic modifications. Pregnancy, therefore, poses a unique medical stress to the GI tract, and for many women, is a period of vulnerability for the development of new or exacerbation of existing GI disorders. These changes may cause new symptoms, worsen preexisting disease, or mask potentially deadly disease. A lack of experience in dealing with these symptoms can have devastating effects. The physician must be able to distinguish whether these symptoms are those of normal pregnancy or a potentially life-threatening complication such as preeclampsia. The physician must also know which medications are safe in pregnancy, as well as which tests are safe to perform during pregnancy.

In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, normal physiological changes during pregnancy produce dramatic modifications. Pregnancy, therefore, poses a unique medical stress to the GI tract, and for many women, is a period of vulnerability for the development of new or exacerbation of existing GI disorders. These changes may cause new symptoms, worsen preexisting disease, or mask potentially deadly disease. A lack of experience in dealing with these symptoms can have devastating effects. The physician must be able to distinguish whether these symptoms are those of normal pregnancy or a potentially life-threatening complication such as preeclampsia. The physician must also know which medications are safe in pregnancy, as well as which tests are safe to perform during pregnancy.

HBV can cause acute and chronic infection.There is currently no role for molecular testing in the diagnosis of acute hepatitis B other than in the detection of asymptomatic patients during pretransfusion screening of blood products. To facilitate an understanding of the utility of molecular testing for chronic hepatitis B, the four stages of chronic hepatitis B infection that are currently recognized, as well as an additional entity, occult hepatitis B, that can be diagnosed only by sensitive nucleic acid amplification methods, are reviewed in detail, including available therapeutic age

 <span style="\&quot;font-size:" 13.5pt;\"="">Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term used to describe disorders that involve chronic inflammation of your digestive tract. Inflammatory bowel disease symptoms vary, depending on the severity of inflammation and where it occurs. Symptoms may range from mild to severe. You are likely to have periods of active illness followed by periods of remission. The exact cause of inflammatory bowel disease remains unknown. Previously, diet and stress were suspected, but now doctors know that these factors may aggravate but don't cause IBD